LION
Deep-sea mooring located in the convection cell in the centre of the Gulf of Lion which aims to observe the winter convection affecting the north-western Mediterranean Sea water circulation and deep-sea ecosystem (physical data). The mooring is deployed near the ODAS meteorological surface buoy (Gulf of Lion) and integrated in the MOOSE network.
Infrastructure Location
Study Area
| Location | Gulf of Lion | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Distance from Land | 135 km | ||
| Max Depth | 2400 m | ||
| Oceanographic features of area | The Lion mooring is located in the center of the Gulf of Lion where one of the largest open sea convection happens in the winter period. This open sea convection is an active vertical mixing that concerns the whole northern Mediterranean but can reach great deep in the Gulf of Lion (where it may even reach the bottom ~ 2500m) due to the Mistral and Tramontane, cold and dry winds. This is the phenomenon of deepwater formation which is the only mechanism for the ventilation of the deep waters of the entire western Mediterranean. It was observed that the deep waters can be formed 1) in a preconditioned open sea area and 2) on the shelf with a subsequent cascading down the slope. There are therefore two modes whose interannual monitoring is necessary to understand the evolution of Mediterranean deep waters and validate ocean numerical models of the region. | ||
| Relevant publications isi journals | Houpert L.(2013): Contribution to the Study if Transfer Processes from the Surface to the Deep Ocean in the Mediterranean Sea, PhD Thesis, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, December 2013
Severin T., P. Conan, X. Durrieu de Madron, L. Houpert, M. Oliver, L. Oriol, J. Caparros, J.F. Ghiglione, M. Pujo-Pay (2013): Impact of open-ocean convection on nutrient and phytoplankton biomass and activity, Deep-Sea Research Part I, submitted Tamburini C. M. Canals X. Durrieu de Madron, L. Houpert, D. Lefevre, S. Martini, F. D'Ortenzio, A. Robert, P. Testor, and others (2013) Enhancement of deep-sea biological activity by dense water formation, PLOS ONE, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067523 Durrieu de Madron X., L. Houpert, P. Puig, A. Sanchez-Vidal, P. Testor, A. Bosse, C. Estournel, S. Somot, F. Bourrin, M.N. Bouin, M. Beauverger, L. Beguery, A. Calafat, M. Canals, C. Cassou, L. Coppola, D. Dausse, F. D'Ortenzio, J. Font, S. Heussner, S. Kunesch, D. Lefevre, H. Le Goff, J. Martin, L. Mortier, A. Palanques, P. Raimbault (2013) Interaction of dense shelf water cascading and open-sea convection in the northwestern Mediterranean during winter 2012, Geophysical Research Letters, doi: 10.1002/grl.50331 Stabholz M., X. Durrieu de Madron, M. Canals, A. Khripounoff, I. Taupier-Letage, P. Testor, S. Heussner, P. Kerherve, N. Delsaut, L. Houpert, G. Lastras, B. Denneliou (2013) Impact of open-ocean convection on particle fluxes and sediment dynamics in the deep margin of the Gulf of Lions, Biogeosciences, doi: 10.5194/bg-10-1097-2013 |
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| Relevant publications proceedings published in the context of conference | - Houpert L., P. Testor, X. Durrieu de Madron, A. Bosse, L. Mortier: High resolution monitoring of deep water formations in the northwestern Mediterranean over the recent period 2007-2012. Ocean Sciences Meeting 2014, 23-28 February 2014, Honolulu, USA
- Houpert L., X. Durrieu de Madron, P. Testor: Deep Water Formations in the Gulf of Lions, First SEDILION day: focus on the land - ocean exchange in the Gulf of Lions, 16 December 2013, Toulouse, France - Somot S., L. Houpert, X. Durrieu de Madron, P. Testor, M. Herrmann, C. Dubois, F. Sevault: Model evaluation and understanding of the interannual variability (1980-2012) of the north-western Mediterranean open-sea deep convection. 40th CIESM Congress, 28 Oct. - 1 Nov. 2013, Marseille, France - Durrieu de Madron X., L. Houpert, P. Puig, A. Sanchez-Vidal, P. Testor, A. Bosse, C. Estournel, S. Somot, F. Bourrin, M.-N. Bouin, A. Calafat, M. Canals, L. Coppola, F. D'Ortenzio, J. Font, S. Heussner, J. Martin, L. Mortier, A. Palanques, P. Raimbault: Interaction of dense dense shelf water cascading and open-sea convection in the Northwestern Mediterranean during winter 2012. 40th CIESM Congress, 28 Oct. - 1 Nov. 2013, Marseille, France - Severin T., P. Conan, X. Durrieu de Madron, L. Houpert, M. Oliver, L. Oriol, J. Caparros, J.F. Ghiglione, M. Pujo-Pay: Impact of open-ocean convection on nutrient and phytoplankton biomass and activity. 40th CIESM Congress, 28 Oct. - 1 Nov. 2013, Marseille, France - Stabholz M., X. Durrieu de Madron, M. Canals, A. Khripounoff, I. Taupier-Letage, P. Testor, S. Heussner, P. Kerherve, N. Delsaut, L. Houpert, G. Lastras, B. Denneliou: Impact of open-ocean convection on particle fluxes and sediment dynamics in the deep margin of the Gulf of Lions. 40th CIESM Congress, 28 Oct. - 1 Nov. 2013, Marseille, France - Houpert L., P. Testor, X. Durrieu de Madron, L. Mortier, P. Raimbault, M.-N. Bouin: Observations of dense water formations in the Gulf of Lions from 2007 to 2012. 40th CIESM Congress, 28 Oct. - 1 Nov. 2013, Marseille, France - Durrieu de Madron X., L. Houpert, P. Puig, A. Sanchez-Vidal, P. Testor, A. Bosse, C. Estournel, S. Somot, F. Bourrin, M.-N. Bouin, A. Calafat, M. Canals, L. Coppola, F. D'Ortenzio, J. Font, S. Heussner, J. Martin, L. Mortier, A. Palanques, P. Raimbault: Interaction of dense dense shelf water cascading and open-sea convection in the Northwestern Mediterranean during winter 2012. EGU General Assembly 2013, 07-12 April 2013, Vienna, Austria - Houpert L., X. Durrieu de Madron, P. Testor: Deep Convection in the Mediterranean, the case study of the Gulf of Lions, Workshop Marginal Seas in Change : the East Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, 5-8 November 2012, Seoul, South Korea - Houpert L., P. Testor, X. Durrieu de Madron: comment{Thermohaline variability in the northwestern Mediterranean basin over the recent period from in-situ measurement.} Ocean Sciences Meeting 2012, 20-24 February 2012, Salt Lake City, USA - Houpert L., X. Durrieu de Madron, P. Testor, M-N. Bouin: Ocean Convection in the NW Mediterranean basin over the recent period 2007/2011 from in-situ measurements, Workshop HYMEX-TTM3 and MedCORDEX, 28-30 March 2012, Toulouse, France |
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Scientific Researchers
| Name | |
|---|---|
| Claude Estournel | <Please login to view> |
| Laurent Mortier | <Please login to view> |
| Xavier Durrieu de Madron | <Please login to view> |
| Pierre Testor | <Please login to view> |
Status / Maintenance
| System Status | Operational | Planned Frequency | 12 month(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Platform Required | Deep Sea Research Vessel | People Involved | 10 |
| Duration of Operations | 6 day(s) | Cleaning | Yes |
| Replacments | Yes | Download Data | Yes |
Data Information
| Final data output format | ASCII NetCDF | Data Quality Check | Yes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type of quality check on real-time/near-real time data | Manual | Real Time – Data availability target | |
| Type of Quality check on delayed mode data | Manual | Delayed Mode – Data availability target | months |
| Own data management | Yes | Type of use of data | Data assimilation Research |
| Data Management Link | |||
| GEOSS URN | |||
| GEOSS Link | |||
TNA
| Avaliable for TNA | No | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Prefered time period for TNA | |||
| TNA Support offered | |||
| Services Available | |||
| Potential Additional Uses | |||
| Data Ports | - | ||
| Availability of External Power | |||
| Instrument installation methodology | |||
| Data History | |||
| Instrument installation methodology | - | ||
| Observatory maintenance estimated or planned schedules | |||
| Data policy and access | |||
| Additional comments | |||
| Modality of access | In-Person | ||
Sensors
| Deployed | Planned | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Instrument/Sensor Type | Oxygen | Parameter(s) | CTD, DOXY |
| Platform | Mooring | Manufacturer | Seabird |
| Instrument/Sensor documentation (URL) | |||
| Sensor Type / Model | SBE37 ODO | Power Supply | |
| Approximate Depth / Height | 350, 2000 | Sampling interval | 14400 second(s) |
| Calibration Samples Available | Yes | Frequency of Calibration Samples | annual |
| Intercalibration Available | Yes | Intercalibration Platform | |
| Intercalibration Frequency | |||
| Problems | |||
| Solution Adopted | |||
| Datasheet URL | |||
| Comments | |||
| Deployed | Planned | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Instrument/Sensor Type | SP2T | Parameter(s) | PRES, TEMP |
| Platform | Mooring | Manufacturer | Seabird |
| Instrument/Sensor documentation (URL) | |||
| Sensor Type / Model | SBE56 | Power Supply | |
| Approximate Depth / Height | 150, 195, 225, 245, 345, 400, 445, 550, 600, 650 | Sampling interval | 180 second(s) |
| Calibration Samples Available | Yes | Frequency of Calibration Samples | annual |
| Intercalibration Available | Yes | Intercalibration Platform | |
| Intercalibration Frequency | |||
| Problems | |||
| Solution Adopted | |||
| Datasheet URL | |||
| Comments | |||
| Deployed | Planned | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Instrument/Sensor Type | CTD | Parameter(s) | CTD |
| Platform | Mooring | Manufacturer | Seabird |
| Instrument/Sensor documentation (URL) | |||
| Sensor Type / Model | SBE37 SMP | Power Supply | |
| Approximate Depth / Height | 170, 300, 500, 700, 870, 1100, 1300, 1500, 1750, 2000, 2300 | Sampling interval | 180 second(s) |
| Calibration Samples Available | Yes | Frequency of Calibration Samples | annual |
| Intercalibration Available | Yes | Intercalibration Platform | |
| Intercalibration Frequency | |||
| Problems | |||
| Solution Adopted | |||
| Datasheet URL | |||
| Comments | |||
| Deployed | Planned | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Instrument/Sensor Type | Acoustic doppler current | Parameter(s) | Currents |
| Platform | Mooring | Manufacturer | Aquadopp |
| Instrument/Sensor documentation (URL) | |||
| Sensor Type / Model | Aquadopp | Power Supply | |
| Approximate Depth / Height | 150, 250, 500, 1000, 2300 | Sampling interval | 3600 second(s) |
| Calibration Samples Available | Yes | Frequency of Calibration Samples | |
| Intercalibration Available | Yes | Intercalibration Platform | |
| Intercalibration Frequency | |||
| Problems | |||
| Solution Adopted | |||
| Datasheet URL | |||
| Comments | |||